After two decades of negociations, the High Seas Treaty, formally known as the "Agreement on Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction" (BBNJ), has reached the milestone of 60 ratifications, triggering its entry into force. The treaty aims to protect marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction, which cover two-thirds of the world’s oceans. It will officially take effect on 17 January 2026, 120 days after the 60th ratification.
Key provisions include the creation of marine protected areas, stricter oversight of potentially harmful activities such as unregulated fishing and deep-sea mining, and greater international cooperation in science, technology, and funding, especially for developing countries.
While the treaty is hailed as a landmark achievement for ocean conservation, experts stress that its success will depend on effective implementation, monitoring, and continued global commitment.